Recoil Energy Calculator

Calculate firearm recoil energy and velocity

Recoil Energy Calculator

Enter the mass of the projectile in grams

Enter the muzzle velocity in meters per second

Enter the mass of the firearm in kilograms

How to Calculate Recoil Energy

Recoil energy is calculated using conservation of momentum:

  • First, calculate recoil velocity:
    • vr = (mp × vp) ÷ mf
    • mp = projectile mass in grams
    • vp = projectile velocity in m/s
    • mf = firearm mass in kg
    • vr = recoil velocity in m/s
  • Then, calculate recoil energy:
    • E = (1/2) × mf × vr²
    • E = recoil energy in Joules
  • For foot-pound units, multiply Joules by 0.737562149

This calculator handles all necessary unit conversions automatically.

Understanding Units and Conversions

Common Units:

  • Projectile Mass: Measured in grams (g)
  • Firearm Mass: Measured in kilograms (kg)
  • Velocity: Measured in meters per second (m/s)
  • Energy: Measured in Joules (J) or foot-pounds (ft⋅lb)

Key Conversions:

  • 1 Joule = 0.737562149 foot-pounds
  • 1 gram = 0.001 kilograms
  • 1 m/s = 3.28084 ft/s
Practical Applications

Recoil energy calculations are essential for:

  • Firearm design and development
  • Recoil reduction system design
  • Ammunition selection
  • Shooter comfort assessment
  • Training and instruction
  • Safety equipment design
Frequently Asked Questions

What is recoil energy?

Recoil energy is the kinetic energy transferred to the firearm when a projectile is fired. It is a result of the conservation of momentum, where the forward momentum of the projectile must be balanced by the backward momentum of the firearm.

How does firearm mass affect recoil?

A heavier firearm will experience less recoil velocity and energy than a lighter one, given the same projectile and velocity. This is why heavier firearms are often more comfortable to shoot, especially with powerful cartridges.

How can recoil be reduced?

Recoil can be reduced through various methods: increasing firearm mass, using recoil pads or compensators, reducing projectile mass or velocity, or employing mechanical recoil reduction systems. Each method has its own trade-offs in terms of practicality and effectiveness.