Bullet Energy Calculator
Calculate the kinetic energy of bullets and projectiles
The kinetic energy of a bullet is calculated using the formula:
- KE = (m × v²) / (2 × 450,435.6) for foot-pounds (ft⋅lbf)
- m = bullet mass in grains
- v = velocity in feet per second (ft/s)
- 450,435.6 is a conversion constant
- For Joules (J), multiply the foot-pound result by 1.355818
This calculator automatically performs both calculations, providing results in both ft⋅lbf and Joules.
Common Units:
- Mass: Typically measured in grains (1 grain = 0.0648 grams)
- Velocity: Usually in feet per second (ft/s) or meters per second (m/s)
- Energy: Measured in foot-pounds (ft⋅lbf) or Joules (J)
Key Conversions:
- 1 foot-pound (ft⋅lbf) = 1.355818 Joules (J)
- 1 grain = 0.0648 grams
- 1 foot per second = 0.3048 meters per second
Bullet energy calculations are essential for:
- Determining terminal ballistics and stopping power
- Ammunition selection for specific purposes
- Comparing different cartridge loads
- Evaluating recoil effects
- Designing ballistic protection
- Forensic analysis
Why is bullet energy important?
Bullet energy is crucial for understanding the potential effectiveness of ammunition, determining stopping power, and evaluating safety requirements for shooting ranges and protective equipment.
How does velocity affect bullet energy?
Velocity has a squared relationship with kinetic energy, meaning small changes in velocity result in large changes in energy. For example, doubling the velocity quadruples the kinetic energy.
Which is more important: mass or velocity?
While both mass and velocity affect bullet energy, velocity has a greater impact due to its squared relationship. However, both factors are important for different applications and should be considered together.